Detection of gravitational waves using a network of detectors ∗

We formulate the data analysis problem for the detection of the Newtonian coalescing-binary signal by a network of laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors that have arbitrary orientations, but are located at the same site. We use the maximum likelihood method for optimizing the detection problem. We show that for networks comprising of up to three detectors, the optimal statistic is essentially the magnitude of the network correlation vector constructed from the matched network-filter. Alternatively, it is simply a linear combination of the signal-to-noise ratios of the individual detectors. This statistic, therefore, can be interpreted as the signal-to-noise ratio of the network. The overall sensitivity of the network is shown to increase roughly as the square-root of the number of detectors in the network. We further show that these results continue to hold even for the restricted post-Newtonian filters. Finally, our formalism is general enough to be extended, in a straightforward way, to address the problem of detection of such waves from other sources by some other types of detectors, e.g., bars or spheres, or even by networks of spatially well-separated detectors. Pacs: 04.80.Nn, 07.05.Kf, 95.55.Ym, 97.80.-d Typeset using REVTEX ∗Based on talk given at Workshop on Cosmology: Observations confront theories, IIT-Kharagpur, India, January 1999. To appear in the workshop proceedings being published by Pramana Journal of Physics (The Indian Academy of Sciences). †Electronic address: [email protected] ‡Electronic address: [email protected] §Electronic address: [email protected] 1